Feedback
Feedback is the information an athlete receives about a performance, used to guide learning and improvement.
Definition
In coaching and motor learning, feedback is information about a movement or performance that helps an athlete adjust and improve. It is commonly split into intrinsic feedback, which the athlete senses directly, such as how a shot felt or where it landed, and augmented (extrinsic) feedback provided by a coach, video, or device. Augmented feedback is further divided into knowledge of results, the outcome, and knowledge of performance, how the movement was executed.
How feedback is delivered matters as much as its content: timing, frequency, and specificity all influence learning. Giving feedback on every attempt can create dependence, so coaches often reduce it to encourage self-correction. Feedback works hand in hand with cues, which direct attention before or during a movement rather than after it.
Where you’ll hear “feedback”
Sports that use this term:
Tennis
A singles or doubles racquet sport that blends agility, strategy and stamina on court.
Football
The world’s most popular team sport — endless running, teamwork and community in one game.
Basketball
A fast, dynamic team sport of running, jumping and quick decisions on court.
Swimming
A full-body, low-impact endurance sport suitable for almost every age and ability.
Explore across the knowledge base
Follow the threads that connect Feedback to the rest of SocialSportHub.
Beginner guides
- How to Prepare for Your First SessionA calm, practical walkthrough of getting ready for your very first session of any sport — arriving prepared, easing the nerves, and setting one small, realistic aim.
- How to Talk to a Coach or Instructor as a BeginnerA friendly guide to introducing yourself as new, saying what you want from a session, and asking the questions that help a good coach adapt to you.
- Playing Alone or With Others: Which to Start WithA friendly, honest look at the trade-offs of starting a sport on your own versus alongside other people — and why, for most sports, you don't really have to pick just one.
- How to Use a Learning CurriculumA learning curriculum is a plain, ordered map of what to learn in a sport and in roughly what order — here is how to use one to steer your own practice and sessions without turning it into a deadline.
- Beginner Sports Terminology: Making Sense of the WordsEvery sport comes with its own vocabulary, and this guide shows you how to stay relaxed about the words you don't know yet, lean on the glossary, and pick up the language naturally as you go.
Coaching concepts
- Feedback and CueingFeedback from your senses, a coach, or video plus short instructional cues guide skill learning — including internal vs external focus of attention.
- Session StructureHow a practice session is organised into phases — warm-up, main focus, game application and cool-down — so time is used well and learning sticks.
- Skill acquisitionHow a movement or sports skill is learned — progressing from conscious, effortful control to smooth, largely automatic execution through practice and feedback.
- Goal-Setting for PracticeSetting clear practice goals directs effort and makes progress visible — separating results-based outcome goals from controllable process goals.
Sports communication
- Player-to-coach communicationHow a player shares information back to a coach — questions, how something felt, or a heads-up about availability — so coaching becomes a two-way exchange.
- Coach-to-player feedbackHow a coach shares usable information with a player about what they did and what to try next — usually specific, well timed and focused on one thing at a time.
Experience levels
- AdvancedA high level of skill and fitness — progress becomes finer, more individual, and increasingly benefits from expert coaching.
- BeginnerYou have started and the habit is forming — now it is about learning the fundamentals and building a base of fitness and skill.
- EliteThe highest level of performance — a full, individualised, professionally supported pursuit far beyond what a general guide can direct.
- Starting outThe very first stage — no experience needed. It is about turning up, learning to move and building the habit before anything else.
- CompetitiveTraining and playing to compete — structured, goal-directed preparation built around events, with coaching and recovery central.
Knowledge Atlas
- Explore by ScienceThe "why" layer — biomechanics, energy systems, motor learning and training principles behind performance.
- Explore by CommunicationHow sport is communicated — in play, within a team, and around the game.
- Explore by NutritionEating and hydration for an active life — the healthy-eating and hydration topics of the knowledge base.
- Explore by GoalStart from the outcome you care about — each goal opens into the sports, qualities and habits that serve it.
- Explore by PsychologyThe mental side of sport. It connects to existing decision-making and coaching concepts today; dedicated content is coming.