{ "dataset": { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "The rules of play across every sport in the knowledge graph, each with its description, keywords and links to the sport and to officiating.", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "version": "1.0.0", "status": "published", "provenance": "First-party educational content, generated deterministically from the SocialSportHub knowledge-graph registry." }, "fields": [ "slug", "name", "description", "keywords", "url" ], "records": [ { "slug": "offside", "name": "Offside", "description": "A rule that prevents an attacker from gaining an advantage by being positioned too close to the opponents' goal ahead of the ball and the last defenders.", "keywords": "offside rule explained; what is offside in football; football offside rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/offside" }, { "slug": "deliberate-handball", "name": "Handball offence", "description": "A foul in football committed when an outfield player deliberately handles or controls the ball with the hand or arm.", "keywords": "handball rule football; what counts as handball; deliberate handball offence", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/deliberate-handball" }, { "slug": "direct-and-indirect-free-kicks", "name": "Direct and indirect free kicks", "description": "The two types of free kick awarded in football to restart play after a foul or other stoppage.", "keywords": "direct vs indirect free kick; free kick rules football; types of free kick", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/direct-and-indirect-free-kicks" }, { "slug": "penalty-kick-award", "name": "Penalty kick award", "description": "A one-on-one kick against the goalkeeper awarded when a defending player commits a direct-free-kick foul inside their own penalty area.", "keywords": "when is a penalty given; penalty kick rules; football penalty rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/penalty-kick-award" }, { "slug": "yellow-and-red-cards", "name": "Yellow and red cards", "description": "The disciplinary cards a football referee shows to caution or send off a player for misconduct.", "keywords": "yellow and red card rules; when do you get a red card; football card rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/yellow-and-red-cards" }, { "slug": "throw-in", "name": "Throw-in", "description": "The method of restarting football when the ball fully crosses a side line, taken by throwing it back into play.", "keywords": "throw-in rules football; how to take a throw-in; foul throw rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/throw-in" }, { "slug": "traveling", "name": "Traveling", "description": "A basketball violation for moving illegally with the ball without dribbling it.", "keywords": "traveling rule basketball; what is a travel; pivot foot rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/traveling" }, { "slug": "double-dribble", "name": "Double dribble", "description": "A basketball violation for dribbling with two hands at once, or for dribbling again after picking up the ball.", "keywords": "double dribble rule; what is a double dribble; basketball dribble rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/double-dribble" }, { "slug": "shot-clock", "name": "Shot clock", "description": "A timing rule that requires the attacking basketball team to attempt a shot within a set number of seconds.", "keywords": "shot clock rule; how long is the shot clock; basketball shot clock explained", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/shot-clock" }, { "slug": "backcourt-violation", "name": "Backcourt violation", "description": "A basketball rule breach for returning the ball into a team's own defensive half after it has crossed into the attacking half.", "keywords": "backcourt violation; over and back rule; basketball backcourt rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/backcourt-violation" }, { "slug": "goaltending", "name": "Goaltending", "description": "A basketball violation for interfering with a shot while the ball is on its downward path to the basket or above the rim.", "keywords": "goaltending rule; what is goaltending basketball; basket interference rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/goaltending" }, { "slug": "personal-fouls-and-free-throws", "name": "Personal fouls and free throws", "description": "The basketball rules covering illegal contact and the uncontested shots awarded when a player is fouled.", "keywords": "basketball fouls explained; when do you get free throws; personal foul rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/personal-fouls-and-free-throws" }, { "slug": "out-of-bounds", "name": "Out of bounds", "description": "The rule that a ball or player leaving the marked playing area is out of play and possession is decided at the boundary.", "keywords": "out of bounds rule; when is the ball out of bounds; basketball out of bounds", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/out-of-bounds" }, { "slug": "tennis-serving-rules", "name": "Tennis serving rules", "description": "The rules governing how a tennis point begins, including where the server stands and where the serve must land.", "keywords": "tennis serving rules; how does serving work in tennis; tennis serve rules explained", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/tennis-serving-rules" }, { "slug": "foot-fault", "name": "Foot fault", "description": "A serving fault called when the server's foot touches the baseline or court before striking the ball.", "keywords": "foot fault tennis; what is a foot fault; tennis foot fault rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/foot-fault" }, { "slug": "let", "name": "Let", "description": "A call that stops a point and has it replayed without penalty, used across several racket sports.", "keywords": "what is a let in tennis; let rule explained; service let rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/let" }, { "slug": "two-bounce-rule", "name": "Two-bounce rule", "description": "A pickleball rule requiring both the serve and the return to bounce once before players may hit the ball out of the air.", "keywords": "two bounce rule pickleball; double bounce rule; pickleball serve rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/two-bounce-rule" }, { "slug": "volleyball-rotation", "name": "Volleyball rotation", "description": "The rule that players rotate one position clockwise each time their team wins back the serve.", "keywords": "volleyball rotation rules; how does rotation work in volleyball; volleyball positions rotation", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/volleyball-rotation" }, { "slug": "three-hit-rule", "name": "Three-hit rule", "description": "The volleyball rule that a team may contact the ball at most three times before it must cross the net.", "keywords": "three hit rule volleyball; how many touches in volleyball; volleyball touch rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/three-hit-rule" }, { "slug": "touching-the-net", "name": "Touching the net", "description": "A net-play rule that penalises a player for contacting the net during a rally in net-divided sports.", "keywords": "touching the net rule; net fault volleyball; can you touch the net", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/touching-the-net" }, { "slug": "ball-handling-faults", "name": "Ball-handling faults", "description": "Volleyball faults for catching, carrying or double-contacting the ball rather than cleanly hitting it.", "keywords": "double contact volleyball; carry rule volleyball; ball handling faults", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/ball-handling-faults" }, { "slug": "badminton-serve-rules", "name": "Badminton serve rules", "description": "The rules for how a badminton serve must be delivered and where it must land.", "keywords": "badminton serve rules; how to serve in badminton legally; badminton service rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/badminton-serve-rules" }, { "slug": "lane-discipline", "name": "Lane discipline", "description": "The rule that competitors must stay within their assigned lane in lane-based races.", "keywords": "lane rules running; swimming lane rules; lane discipline athletics", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/lane-discipline" }, { "slug": "false-start", "name": "False start", "description": "A rule breach in a race when a competitor begins to move before the starting signal is given.", "keywords": "false start rule; what is a false start; athletics false start disqualification", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/false-start" }, { "slug": "swimming-stroke-rules", "name": "Swimming stroke rules", "description": "The technical rules that define how each competitive swimming stroke must be performed and how walls are touched.", "keywords": "swimming stroke rules; breaststroke touch rule; competitive swimming rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/swimming-stroke-rules" }, { "slug": "drafting-rules", "name": "Drafting rules", "description": "Rules that govern when a rider or athlete may sit in the slipstream of another to save energy.", "keywords": "drafting rules cycling; what is drafting triathlon; non-drafting rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/drafting-rules" }, { "slug": "play-the-ball-as-it-lies", "name": "Playing the ball as it lies", "description": "Golf’s founding principle: you play the course as you find it and the ball from wherever it comes to rest, unless a rule allows otherwise.", "keywords": "play the ball as it lies; golf rules basics; golf ball lie rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/play-the-ball-as-it-lies" }, { "slug": "golf-penalty-strokes", "name": "Penalty strokes in golf", "description": "Strokes added to a player’s score in defined situations, such as hitting out of bounds or losing a ball.", "keywords": "penalty strokes golf; golf penalty rules; out of bounds golf penalty; unplayable lie golf", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/golf-penalty-strokes" }, { "slug": "order-of-play", "name": "Order of play", "description": "The convention that decides who plays next in a golf group — normally the player whose ball is furthest from the hole.", "keywords": "order of play golf; who plays first in golf; honour in golf; ready golf", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/order-of-play" }, { "slug": "alpine-race-gates", "name": "Alpine race gates", "description": "In alpine ski racing the course is defined by pairs of poles, and a racer must pass through every gate to record a valid run.", "keywords": "alpine ski race gates; slalom gates rules; missed gate skiing; ski racing course", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/alpine-race-gates" }, { "slug": "piste-difficulty-grading", "name": "Piste difficulty grading", "description": "Ski areas grade marked runs by colour or symbol so riders can judge, before setting off, roughly how demanding a run will be.", "keywords": "piste difficulty grading; ski run colours explained; blue red black ski runs; ski piste map grades", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/piste-difficulty-grading" }, { "slug": "cricket-creases", "name": "Cricket creases", "description": "The white lines marked at each end of a cricket pitch — bowling, popping and return creases — what each one is for, and the exact measurements that decide no-balls, run-outs and stumpings.", "keywords": "cricket creases explained; popping crease; return crease; bowling crease cricket", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-creases" }, { "slug": "cricket-innings-and-overs", "name": "Innings and overs", "description": "How a cricket match is structured — what an innings is, why an over is six balls, how the bowling end alternates, and which parts of the structure the Laws fix and which a competition sets.", "keywords": "how many balls in an over; cricket innings explained; cricket over rules; why do ends change cricket", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-innings-and-overs" }, { "slug": "cricket-no-ball", "name": "No-ball", "description": "The illegal delivery in cricket — where the bowler's feet must land, what the Laws say about straightening the arm, and why a no-ball costs a run and has to be bowled again.", "keywords": "no ball rule cricket; front foot no ball; cricket throwing rule elbow; what is a no ball", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-no-ball" }, { "slug": "cricket-wide-ball", "name": "Wide ball", "description": "The delivery ruled too far from the batter to be hit — the exact test the umpire applies, the two situations that cancel a wide, and why a wide costs a run and must be bowled again.", "keywords": "wide ball rule cricket; what counts as a wide; cricket wide rules explained", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-wide-ball" }, { "slug": "cricket-leg-before-wicket", "name": "Leg before wicket (LBW)", "description": "Cricket's most argued-about dismissal, set out as the Laws set it out: five conditions that must all be satisfied, and the one clause that changes everything if the batter played a shot.", "keywords": "lbw rule explained; leg before wicket; lbw outside off stump; why is lbw not given", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-leg-before-wicket" }, { "slug": "cricket-dismissals", "name": "How a batter is out in cricket", "description": "The lawful ways to dismiss a batter — bowled, caught, LBW, run out, stumped and the rarer modes — what separates them, and which ones a bowler is credited with.", "keywords": "ways to get out in cricket; cricket dismissals explained; run out vs stumped; cricket out rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-dismissals" }, { "slug": "cricket-formats", "name": "Test, ODI and T20 cricket compared", "description": "The three international formats of cricket side by side — innings structure, over limits and match length — and why almost everything that separates them is a competition rule rather than a Law.", "keywords": "test vs odi vs t20; cricket formats explained; difference between test and t20; what is a powerplay cricket", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/cricket-formats" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-offside", "name": "Offside in rugby union", "description": "Rugby union's most context-dependent law — where the offside line sits in open play, what an offside player must not do, the 10-metre rule after a kick, and how a player is put onside.", "keywords": "rugby offside rule; offside line rugby; rugby 10 metre law; how to get onside rugby", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-offside" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-tackle", "name": "The tackle", "description": "What the Laws require of both players in a rugby union tackle — the height limit, the release obligations on the tackler, what the tackled player must do, and how the offside line is created.", "keywords": "rugby tackle law; rugby tackle height rule; tackler release rugby; rugby tackle rules explained", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-tackle" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-ruck", "name": "The ruck", "description": "How a ruck forms in rugby union and what changes the moment it does — the offside line, the ban on handling, the requirement to join from behind, and how a ruck ends.", "keywords": "rugby ruck rules; what is a ruck; ruck offside line; rugby breakdown laws", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-ruck" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-maul", "name": "The maul", "description": "The contest for a ball held off the ground in rugby union — how a maul differs from a ruck, why that difference changes what players may legally do, and why it is a driving weapon.", "keywords": "rugby maul rules; ruck vs maul; what is a maul rugby; driving maul", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-maul" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-scrum", "name": "The scrum", "description": "Rugby union's eight-player set piece — the 3-4-1 formation, the referee's crouch-bind-set sequence, where the scrum-half must stand, the throw-in requirements, and how a scrum ends.", "keywords": "rugby scrum rules; crouch bind set; scrum formation rugby; scrum half feed rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-scrum" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-lineout", "name": "The lineout", "description": "How rugby union restarts play after the ball goes into touch — where the lineout forms, how many players it may contain, the throw requirements, lifting, and the 10-metre offside line.", "keywords": "rugby lineout rules; lineout lifting rules; how does a lineout work; rugby throw in rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-lineout" }, { "slug": "rugby-union-knock-on", "name": "Knock-on and forward pass", "description": "The rule that makes rugby a backwards-passing game — what counts as a knock-on, what makes a pass forward, and why the sanction is usually a scrum rather than a penalty.", "keywords": "knock on rugby; forward pass rugby rule; why is a pass forward; rugby knock on sanction", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/rugby-union-knock-on" }, { "slug": "ice-hockey-offside", "name": "Off-side in ice hockey", "description": "The rule that stops attackers waiting in the attacking zone — where exactly the blue line is crossed, why skates and not sticks decide it, and what a delayed off-side means.", "keywords": "hockey offside rule; ice hockey blue line rule; delayed offside hockey; what is offside in hockey", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/ice-hockey-offside" }, { "slug": "ice-hockey-icing", "name": "Icing", "description": "The rule that stops a team simply firing the puck the length of the ice — what triggers icing, what nullifies it, the goaltender exception, and the line-change penalty that follows.", "keywords": "icing rule hockey; what is icing in hockey; hockey icing explained; no line change icing", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/ice-hockey-icing" }, { "slug": "ice-hockey-penalties", "name": "Ice hockey penalties", "description": "How hockey punishes infractions by putting a player in the box — minor, double-minor, major, misconduct and game misconduct — and which ones end early when a goal is scored.", "keywords": "hockey penalties explained; hockey minor vs major penalty; hockey misconduct penalty; how long is a hockey penalty", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/ice-hockey-penalties" }, { "slug": "table-tennis-service-law", "name": "The legal table tennis serve", "description": "The most-broken rule in table tennis, set out exactly — the open palm, the 16 cm toss, the no-hiding requirement, and what happens the first time an umpire is unsure.", "keywords": "legal table tennis serve; table tennis service rules; ping pong serve rules; table tennis 16cm toss", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/table-tennis-service-law" }, { "slug": "table-tennis-a-point", "name": "How a point is won in table tennis", "description": "The full list of ways a player scores — the returns that fail, the ball through the net, the double hit, the free-hand touch, and the moving-table rule most players never meet.", "keywords": "table tennis point rules; table tennis free hand rule; ping pong rules point; double hit table tennis", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/table-tennis-a-point" }, { "slug": "padel-service-rules", "name": "The padel serve", "description": "Padel's underarm serve, set out exactly — the bounce before the strike, the waist-height limit, where the server's feet must be, and the wire-mesh fault that has no tennis equivalent.", "keywords": "padel serve rules; padel underarm serve; padel service fault; how to serve in padel", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/padel-service-rules" }, { "slug": "padel-ball-in-play", "name": "Ball in play and the walls", "description": "What counts as part of the court in padel and how the walls change a rally — which surfaces the ball may use, the order it must use them in, and the returns the rules explicitly permit.", "keywords": "padel wall rules; padel ball in play; can you play off the wall padel; padel correct return", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/padel-ball-in-play" }, { "slug": "padel-point-lost", "name": "How a point is lost in padel", "description": "The actions that end a padel rally — the second bounce, touching the net, direct contact with the opponent's enclosure, and the neutral-zone exception on the court doors.", "keywords": "padel point lost rules; padel touching the net; padel let rules; padel interference rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/padel-point-lost" }, { "slug": "padel-out-of-court-play", "name": "Out-of-court play in padel", "description": "The rule that lets a padel player leave the court to keep a rally alive — when it is authorised, what the court must provide for it, and why it depends on the safety area.", "keywords": "padel out of court play; can you leave the padel court; padel safety zone; padel court door rules", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/padel-out-of-court-play" }, { "slug": "tennis-hindrance-and-lets", "name": "Hindrance, lets and permanent fixtures", "description": "What happens when something outside the rally interferes — the difference between a deliberate and unintentional hindrance, and the rule that a permanent fixture is never a hindrance.", "keywords": "tennis hindrance rule; tennis let rules; permanent fixture tennis; tennis double hit rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/tennis-hindrance-and-lets" }, { "slug": "tennis-continuous-play", "name": "Continuous play and the time between points", "description": "What the ITF Rules say about pace of play — 25 seconds between points, 90 seconds at a changeover, 120 at a set break — and why tour rulebooks are a separate document.", "keywords": "tennis time between points; tennis 25 second rule; tennis changeover time; tennis continuous play rule", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/rules/tennis-continuous-play" } ], "schemaOrg": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Dataset", "name": "Rules", "description": "The rules of play across every sport in the knowledge graph, each with its description, keywords and links to the sport and to officiating.", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com/datasets/rules", "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/", "version": "1.0.0", "isAccessibleForFree": true, "creator": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "SocialSportHub", "url": "https://socialsporthub.com" }, "variableMeasured": [ "slug", "name", "description", "keywords", "url" ], "distribution": [ { "@type": "DataDownload", "encodingFormat": "application/json", "contentUrl": "https://socialsporthub.com/datasets/rules/json" }, { "@type": "DataDownload", "encodingFormat": "text/csv", "contentUrl": "https://socialsporthub.com/datasets/rules/csv" }, { "@type": "DataDownload", "encodingFormat": "application/ld+json", "contentUrl": "https://socialsporthub.com/datasets/rules/jsonld" }, { "@type": "DataDownload", "encodingFormat": "text/turtle", "contentUrl": "https://socialsporthub.com/datasets/rules/rdf" } ] }, "metrics": { "records": 56, "fields": 5, "completeness": 1, "qualityScore": 100 } }